The Medical Termination of Pregnancy (Amendment) Bill, 2020


Introduction
Abortion is looked at with a different lens in every country, while some question the morality of the act, some see it through a gender-based lens. In India it is mostly the latter scenario. The most legal debate on abortion is pro-life vs pro-choice but India is a country that comes into the category of liberals so abortion is legalized but inly till a specific time and the parent\s are given the autonomy to decide whether to abort or not based on the given time limit.
The Medical Termination of Pregnancy (Amendment) Bill, 2020
The act was amended recently on 17th March 2020. This amendment set up a Medical termination boards having gynaecologists, paediatricians, radiologists, sonologist, and others in each state and union territory to decide on abortion-related issues.
Now The Act, because of a shortage of doctors require only one medical practitioner's opinion for abortion before 20 weeks of conception and two medical practitioner's opinion for abortion between 20th to 24th week. The act allows abortion after 20 weeks of conception as a result of Writ Petitions filed by many women for the same as some abnormalities arise after 20 weeks of conception. Hence, abortion after 24 weeks can happen only in cases where a Medical Board diagnoses substantial foetal abnormalities or rape but this can only be done through a Writ Petition.
The words “women and her partner” replaced the term “married women and her husband” in the amendment. However, The act leaves it up to the parliamentary arguments to decide the categories of women who can terminate pregnancies between 20-24 weeks.
Before 2020 abortion was legalized if mother’s health was at risk due to the pregnancy, in cases of failure of birth control measures of married women or foetal abnormalities. However after the amendment, abortion can be done only by registered medical practitioners and a reduction in doctor’s opinion has helped the pregnant women.
REFERENCES-
1. https://prsindia.org/billtrack/the-medical-termination-of-pregnancy-amendment-bill-2020#:~:text=%5B1%5D%20The%20Medical%20Termination%20of,specified%20specialisation)%20on%20certain%20grounds.&text=The%20Medical%20Termination%20of%20Pregnancy%20(Amendment)%20Bill%2C%202020%20was,passed%20on%20March%2017%2C%202020.

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