INDO JURIS LEGAL

The current Indian Patent Law is governed by provisions of Patens Act, 1970 as amended by Patents (Amendment) Act, 2005 and Patent Acts Rules, 2006. In Kolkata, the head patent office is situated with its branch offices situated at Chennai, Mumbai and Delhi. It is administered by Controller General of Patents, Design, Trademarks and Geographical Indications. The jurisdiction for filing the patent application depends upon: i. Indian applicant(s): determined according to place of business of the applicant or where the invention originated, place of residence. ii. Other countries applicant(s): determined by the address for service in India. Any application is usually published after expiry of 18 months period from date of priority of application or date of filing of the application whichever is earlier. The applicant can request publication of his application prior to the normal period under a request through a prescribed form and fee. This rule of publication however does not apply if: i

WHAT IS FORECLOSURE? Foreclosure is the legal method by which a lender seeks to recover the amount owed on a defaulted loan by gaining possession of and selling the mortgaged properties. Typically, default is caused when a borrower misses a certain number of monthly payments, but it may also happen when the borrower fails to satisfy other conditions in the mortgage contract. In India, the Transfer of Property Act, 1882 governs the law on mortgage. A mortgagee (person who advances or lends the money) is entitled to recover his outstanding money under the right of foreclosure. This right is available under Section 67 of the Transfer of Property Act, 1882. The act regards six types of mortgages, namely- 1. simple mortgage 2. mortgage by conditional sale 3. usufructuary mortgage 4. English mortgage 5. mortgage by deposit of title deeds 6. anomalous mortgage. A mortgagee can exercise his right to foreclosure only under the following conditions- • The payment of the debt amount

Cryptographic currencies appeared due to technological progress and the evolution of money as a completely liquid medium of exchange. Indeed, originally money fulfilled the function of the exchange of goods. It was then assigned to gold as the universal equivalent. The next stage was the transition to paper money and now we have the emergence of electronic money (e-money). The Indian central bank in 2018 effectively banned crypto transactions after a string of frauds. RBI asked all the regulative authorities to stop their dealing in any kind of private cryptocurrency effective immediately. The Supreme court in March 2020 quashed the decision by RBI on grounds of disproportionality. The bench, headed by Justice Rohinton F Nariman, noted that RBI failed to show any concrete damages connecting the frauds and the crypto dealings. Basically, cryptocurrency is a form of digital asset based on a network that is spread across large number of computers. This makes it a decentralized

46 Years ago, a state of Emergency was declared in India by the then President Fakruddin Ali Ahmad as per the behest of Smt. Indira Gandhi, the then Premier. By virtue of Article 352 (1), the emergency was communicated. The grounds for same was “a grave emergency exists whereby the security of India was threatened by internal disturbances”. In addition, the government cited the 1971 war with Pakistan and the drought of 1972 as reasons for imposing the emergency on 26th June, 1975. It is important to be aware of the series of events that lead to the 21-month long emergency. It all started with the peculiar judgement of State of Uttar Pradesh v/s Raj Narain wherein the Allahabad High Court convicted Indira Gandhi of having indulged in electoral malpractice, thereby declaring her election to be in contravention, and hence null and void. Making Smt. Gandhi approach the Supreme Court and then finally the President who then declared the emergency. From the above it is very clear that, alth

Introduction-: Digital forensics deals with the recovery and investigation of fabric found in digital devices. It includes investigation of each device capable of storing digital data. The discipline emerged completely within the 21st century with the emergence of national policies. it's applications in criminal or civil courts to support or refute a hypothesis. Digital forensics is additionally partitioned into a couple of branches - computer, mobile device, network, forensic data analysis and database forensics. Forensic science is relatively new field and cyber forensics is even newer. There are different fields of cyber forensics and each field in itself is extremely difficult to practice. Nevertheless, significance of cyber forensics can't be undermined especially in contemporary times of space laws, AI and Internet of Things (IoT). Future Paradigms-: Many of the digital forensics’ tools tailored to discovering evidence are expected to reside on the suspect’s device, but

Natural disasters or human-made disasters can happen anytime. They interrupt the normal functioning of the environment and society. To bring it under immediate control, there is a need for emergency intervention to bring things under management. The effects of the disasters must be put to ease to control the situation and the properties from getting destroyed. Disaster management is a multi-faceted program which involves saving of lives of people, animals and properties during the occurrence of a natural disaster or a disaster caused due to manmade activities. It deals with different kinds of disasters like drought, earthquakes, floods, hurricanes and landslides. In India, the Disaster Management Act, 2005 is the legislation which provides a framework for disaster management and mitigation. The Act calls for the establishment of National Disaster Manageme