Representation of people act


INTRODUCTION
Before the first general elections, the Indian parliament enacted the Representation of People Act, 1951which provided the actuality of how elections should be conducted in India. The Act deals with details like eligibility and disqualification of members of both the Houses of Parliament and State Legislative Assemblies. The registration of political parties, administrative machinery of performing elections, poll, by-elections etc. are explained in detail along with the offences related to the same.
KEY PROVISIONS
 Qualifications- Minimum age for becoming an MLA/MP of Lok Sabha is 25 years, and for the levels of Panchayat and municipality is 21 years. Such person should be an elector in the constituency.
 Right to Vote-
• Section 62 ensures that every person enrolled in electoral roll of constituency is entitled to vote only for the one-time.
• If a person is under a sentence of imprisonment, he cannot vote. If he is in preventive custody, he is eligible to court. However if the sentence is less than two years the elections can be contested in the present itself.
• ECI by the consultation with the government, can notify any class of person to give their votes by postal ballot.
 Section 126- According to this section, displaying of any matter relating to the election on television or other related media is prohibited from 48 hours before the polling ends. However print media, social media and news portals are exception to this.
 Corrupt Practices- Bribery, publication of a false statement defaming character or conduct of any of the candidate, interference within the free exercise of electoral right of any candidate, or procuring of any candidate’s vehicle, or any such practice is considered corrupt.
 Other key provisions- Section 8 specifically dealing with the disqualification of MPs and MLAs, promoting enmity, procedure of counting of votes, right to information, the registration of political parties and declaration of assets and liabilities etc.
CONCLUSION
The act has a special significance in the smooth functioning of Indian democracy. Do it is amended many times, every time the significance of the same has increased as the checks and the procedures to the elections in India is strengthened.

NAVSIRAT KAUR

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