ANALYSIS OF WATER POLLUTION REGULATION IN INDIA AND CHINA


Part IV A, Article of the Indian Constitution talks about fundamental duties of every Indian Citizen. According to this article every citizen of India has an obligation to strive to protect and improve the natural environment including rivers, lakes, forests and wildlife. Water Pollution occurs when harmful substances often chemicals or microorganisms contaminate a stream, river, lake or any other body of water degrading the water quality and rendering it toxic to humans or the environment. The most common source of water pollution is flow of untreated water sewage and industrial waste discharge directly into the water bodies. 

If we analyse the statute that governs the water pollution in India that is Water Prevention and Control of Pollution Act 1974. The Ministry of Environments and Forests is the apex administrative authority in India with regulating and protecting the environment and is responsible for laying down the regulatory and legal framework for the same. In addition to the MOEF, the Central Pollution Board Control form the regulatory and administrative core of the sector. 

The National Green Tribunal Act The Environmental Protection Act and the Hazardous Waste Management Act are other legislations that supplement the water act in its efforts to protect the water bodies. 

In China the People's Congress has implemented two major legislations that strive to protect water bodies. One is the Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic Of China and the Law of the People's Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Water Pollution. 

Conclusion 
If we analyse both the regulations and their results China is way ahead of India. The Indian government needs to implement secondary and supplementary measures that ensure compliance with pollution regulations by private entities as well as state governments. 

BIPASHA

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